구강 미생물에 대한 D. hayatae 추출물의 항균 활성과 바이오필름 형성 억제 활성

초록

This study investigated the potential of Diospyros hayatae Lecomte methanol extract as a natural agent for oral health care by evaluating its antibacterial and antibiofilm activities against oral pathogens. The extract exhibited bacteriostatic activity against Porphyromonas gingivalis KCTC 5352, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.4 mg/ml. Moreover, biofilm formation by P. gingivalis was inhibited in a concentration-dependent manner (0.2‒2.0 mg/ml). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that untreated P. gingivalis cells formed dense aggregates and mature biofilms, whereas extract-treated cells displayed markedly reduced autoaggregation and disrupted biofilm structures. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis further demonstrated that the mRNA expression levels of fimbriae-related genes (fimA and mfa1), which are essential for bacterial adhesion and biofilm development, decreased in a dose-dependent manner following extract treatment. These findings indicate that D. hayatae extract not only exerts bacteriostatic effects but also suppresses bacterial aggregation and biofilm formation by downregulating fimbria gene expression. Therefore, D. hayatae may serve as a promising natural source for the development of oral health care materials.

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