Effects of partial to complete replacement of animal-based proteins with nucleotide-enhanced fermented soybean meal and yeast protein in nursery pig diets on growth performance, diarrhea incidence, and immune status

초록

This study evaluated the effects of replacing animal-based proteins, including spray-dried porcine plasma (SDPP) and fish meal (FM), with plant- and microbial-based proteins, including nucleotide-enhanced fermented soybean meal (NEFSBM) and yeast protein (YP), on growth performance, diarrhea incidence, and immune status in nursery pigs. A total of 240 weaned pigs were randomly allocated to 4 dietary treatments in a randomized complete block design, with initial body weight and sex used as blocking factors. Each treatment consisted of 4 replicate pens, comprising 2 pens of all barrows and 2 pens of all gilts, with 15 pigs per pen. The dietary treatments were as follows: 1) CON, a control diet containing 2% SDPP and 5% FM; 2) TRT1, a complete animal-derived protein replacement diet containing 5% NEFSBM and 2% YP; 3) TRT2, a partial replacement diet containing 5% NEFSBM, 0.5% YP, and 1.5% FM; and 4) TRT3, a partial replacement diet containing 5% NEFSBM, 0.5% YP, and 1.5% SDPP. The experiment lasted 5 wk (Phase 1: 0 to 2 wk; Phase 2: 2 to 5 wk). Body weight (BW) and average daily gain (ADG) did not differ among dietary treatments during the overall experimental period. During Phase 2, feed efficiency (G:F) was greater in pigs fed the FM-retained partial replacement diet than in those fed the SDPP-retained partial replacement diet (P < 0.05). Diarrhea incidence was not affected by the dietary treatments. During Phase 1, serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) concentration was lower in pigs fed the complete replacement diet than in those fed the control diet (P < 0.05). In Phase 2, serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) concentration was greater in the T3 treatment than in the CON treatment (P < 0.05). These results indicate that replacing animal-derived proteins with NEFSBM and YP maintained growth performance without affecting diarrhea incidence in nursery pigs. Complete replacement reduced serum TNF-α concentration, whereas the SDPP-retained partial replacement diet was associated with a greater serum IgG concentration. © 2026

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