산초나무(Zanthoxylum schinifolium) 종자의 품질 평가를 위한 지표성분 Hesperidin 분석: HPLC–MS/MS 기반 연구

초록

Zanthoxylum schinifolium seeds are widely used as a traditional spice and medicinal resource in East Asia; however, systematic quality evaluation based on chemically defined marker compounds has not been fully established. In this study, hesperidin was identified and validated as a reliable marker compound for the quality assessment of Z. schinifolium seeds through an integrated HPLC–DAD and LC–MS/MS analytical approach. The crude methanolic extract of the seeds was subjected to chromatographic profiling, and major flavonoid constituents were characterized using UV absorption patterns and negative-ion ESI–MS/MS fragmentation. A dominant precursor ion at m/z 609.6[M–H] exhibited sequential neutral losses of 162Da (hexose) and 146Da (rhamnose), yielding fragment ions at m/z 463.4and 301.3, respectively. These fragmentation behaviors corresponded precisely to those of the authentic standard of hesperetin-7-O-rutinoside (hesperidin), confirming the presence of this compound in the seed extract. A quantitative HPLC–DAD method was subsequently established and validated according to standard analytical guidelines. The method showed excellent linearity (R²> 0.999), high sensitivity (LOD and LOQ within acceptable ranges), and strong repeatability and precision. The hesperidin content showed consistent quantification across multiple batches of Z. schinifolium seeds, demonstrating its suitability as a quality control marker. Overall, the combined HPLC–MS/MS and quantitative chromatographic results clearly demonstrate that hesperidin is a major flavonoid glycoside occurring in Z. schinifolium seeds and serves as an appropriate marker for their chemical standardization and quality evaluation. This study provides a validated analytical platform that can contribute to the industrial utilization, standardization, and quality assurance of Z. schinifolium-based functional ingredients and related products.

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