1980년대 중국 순문학 이념의 형성과정과 '인도주의론', '문예 현대화론' 재고찰ﾠ

초록

This study aims to provide a detailed analysis of “humanism” and “literary subjectivity,” which emerged from the reconstruction of Marxism, alongside “formalist literary theory,” which arose from the discourse on the “modernization” of literature in 1980s China. In doing so, it examines how these concepts related to the process of “pureliterature”formationduringthatdecade. Existing scholarship suggests that both humanism and literary modernization contributed to the rise of pure literature, which eventually led to the diminishing influence of literature amid the commercializationof the 1990s. However, I propose aclear distinction betweentheissueofhumanismandthatofliterarymodernization. While the former engaged in a fierce theoretical struggle with conservativecritics withintheCommunist Partythroughout the1980s —ultimately losing its authority within the literary scene around 1987 —the latter rapidly filled the resulting power vacuum. Led by a new generation of writers and critics starting in 1987, this trend accelerated the movement toward “pure literature.” Although literary modernization and formalist theory lacked support from conservative circles in the early 1980s, they eventually gained institutional “approval” after 1987, triggering a major transformation in a Chinese literarylandscapepreviouslydominatedbyrealism.

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