우주경제 전환기에서의 민간 우주기업 성과요인 분석: 정책 환경 변화 이후 고용·매출 성과의 상대적 변화

초록

The global space industry is rapidly evolving toward service-driven and data-driven value chains, with the private sector playing an increasingly central role and positioning the industry as a strategic core of national economies. In Korea, the "Future Space Economy Roadmap" announced in late 2022, marked a policy shift toward a private-led space economy. However, empirical assessments of its impact on private space firms remain scarce. This study integrates ValueSearch financial data from 2018-2024 with the Space Industry Survey conducted by the Korea Association for Space Technology Promotion to compare 96 space firms with more than 40,000 general firms of similar size and industry. Employing fixed-effects panel regression and propensity score matching (PSM), we estimated performance changes before and after the policy. The results indicated that space firms achieved, on average, 8.86 percentage points higher revenue growth and 6.25 percentage points higher employment growth than non-space firms, with larger differences observed among the top 25% and 50% growth groups. These findings suggest that the Roadmap contributed to early performance gains and highlighted the need for targeted support for high-potential, multi-domain space enterprises.

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