한국어 비주격 주어 표지의 문법화 - 존재 구문 및 탈격을 기원으로 하는 형식을 중심으로 -

초록

In this article, we examine diachronic development of case markers of non-nominative subject eyse, (i)se, (u)rose, kkese and argue its grammaticalization from a cross-linguistic perspective. Discussion of this article is summarized as follows. First, on closer examination of preceding research and example from historical corpus, we conclude that (u)rose, (i)se originate from existential constructions and eyse, kkese originate from both existential constructions and ablative. Second, we can explain unusual synchronic property of non-nominative subject reasonably through its diachronic origin. In other words, synchronic property of non-nominative subject is good reason to determine origin of non-nominative subject case markers. Third, grammaticalization of case markers of non-nominative subject which originate from existential constructions is result of combination of pragmatic functions of existential constructions and grammaticalization of subject. Grammaticalization of case markers of non-nominative subject which originate from ablative case result from similarity between Source and Agent. However ablative subject integrated into locative subject because Source is a kind Location. As a result, case markers of non-nominative subject which originate from existential constructions survive alone.

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