고려 문종대 역사계승의식의 향방

초록

Examined in this article is the Goryeo people’s historical consciousness of issues such as inheritance and succession, which prevailed during King Munjong’s reign in a particular fashion, amidst the period’s fading consciousness of itself succeeding the legacy of the late Goguryeo(高句麗) Kingdom, and the emergence of another perspective believing the unification of Three Han(一統三韓])) by Goryeo. After the war with the Khitan troops ended in the early 11th century, the Goryeo government engaged in extensive diplomatic efforts to retrieve the Eastern side of the Abrok-gang(鴨綠江) river, which had been taken by the Khitans. The alleged fact that Khitan granted Goryeo certain control over the region, and also the fact that the Western boundaries of the region reportedly bestowed to the renowned ancient cultural figure Gija(箕子) was no other than the Abrok-gang river, was what Goryeo cited to reclaim historical jurisdiction over the disputed region. This kind of approach signaled the weakened state of the consciousness of Goryeo succeeding the legacy of Goguryeo, which had earlier served the Goryeo people and fueled their view of their own land. Meanwhile, King Munjong constructed and opened two facilities, the Jang’ weon-jeong(長源亭) pavilion and the Buddhist monastery Heung’wang-sa(興王寺), in the 10th year of his reign. This was actually in commemoration of the 120th anniversary of the dynasty’s founder King Taejo Wang Geon reuniting the Later Three Kingdoms(which took place in 936, the Byeongshin[丙申]-year), marking the passing of two full sexagenary cycles since the founder’s legendary deed. Hence celebration of such legacy can be construed as a clear reflection of the Goryeo people’s rising awareness that the ancient Three Han entities were now finally one. While Jang’weon-jeong was established in an auspicious place which would supposedly reinforce the dynasty’s good fortune, Heung’wang-sa was a direct result of an intention to emulate the legacy of two other Buddhist monasteries such as Gaetae-sa(開泰寺) and Gaeguk-sa(開國寺), which were both opened by King Taejo himself after the reunification of the Later Three Kingdoms. Heung’ wang-sa was provided with a stable status as a Sambo(三寶) monastery, and King Munjong, who ordered its construction, was able to strengthen the awareness that the ancient Three Han entities were now finally one.

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