외국인노동자의 이직의도에 영향을 미치는 요인- 비자종류별(E-9·H2·F4) 차이를 중심으로 -

초록

The purpose of this study is to identify factors influencing foreign workers' turnover intentions according to visa type. To this end, data from the Survey on the Status of Foreign Workers conducted by the Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs was utilized for analysis. Factors potentially influencing foreign workers' turnover intentions by visa type were categorized into personal factors, cultural adaptation factors, and job environment factors, and analyzed using logistic regression analysis. The results showed that, first, personal factors had almost no influence on foreign workers' turnover intentions. Second, cultural adaptation factors showed a significant correlation only with the turnover intentions of F4 workers. For F4 workers, a one-unit increase in Korean language proficiency reduced turnover intention by 41%, and a one-unit increase in perceived acceptance of foreigners reduced turnover intention by 60%. Third, for F-9, H2, F4 workers, satisfaction with wages and the experience of personal disrespect at work were all found to be related to turnover intention. Only H2 workers showed a correlation between satisfaction with workplace safety and their intention to change jobs. These findings suggest that the form of social exchange influencing job-switching decisions varies depending on foreign workers' residency status, implying that policy priorities for intervention may differ based on visa type (residency status). Furthermore, as residency status stratifies foreign workers' positions in the labor market, it is recommended that visa policies be improved to ensure workers’ rights rather than merely controlling their mobility.

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