세계 각국의 가축유전자원 지원 정책 및 중장기 계획 현황

Abstract

Biodiversity is essential for ecosystem stability, food security, and livestock breeding, yet many genetic resources are at risk of being lost. Therefore, this study aims to suggest a developmental direction for policy in the Republic of Korea by comparatively analyzing the conservation policies and international trends for livestock genetic resources in major countries (Germany, USA, UK, India, Canada, and France). For this purpose, the institutional frameworks, financial support, and key conservation projects of each country were comprehensively reviewed through official reports and research papers. The analysis revealed that major developed countries share common strategies: long-term support through stable public funds (e.g., Germany's FAKT II, Canada's Sustainable CAP), conservation of endangered breeds through public-private partnerships (e.g., the UK's RBST), and systematic data-based management and utilization (e.g., the USA's ARS). Based on these global best practices, this study suggests that establishing systematic support policies and institutions including securing a stable budget, introducing effective public-private partnership models, and advancing data-based management systems is essential for conserving domestic genetic diversity.