Synthesis of SrTiO3 perovskite structure for batteries, supercapacitors and fuel cells applications: a review

Abstract

Strontium titanate (SrTiO3) has emerged as a promising material for energy storage devices due to its exceptional physical and electrochemical properties. This review highlights advancements in the synthesis, characterization, and application in batteries, supercapacitors, and fuel cells. Various synthesis methods, including hydrothermal, sol-gel, solvothermal and solid-state reactions, are discussed, emphasizing hydrothermal method for its efficacy in producing high-quality nanostructures. Then the focus shifted from the general properties of SrTiO3 to its structural, morphological, and electrochemical properties that make it suitable for application in batteries, supercapacitors and fuel cells. The role of doping and composite formation in improving the energy storage capabilities of SrTiO3 is highlighted, exploring various ions like nickel, chromium, aluminum, copper, cerium, iron, graphene, and polyaniline. Furthermore, the high dielectric constant of SrTiO3 enables its use in energy storage systems, where it contributes to enhanced polarization, energy density, and charge storage efficiency. This enhances current capacity, cyclability, capacitance retention, and energy storage in SrTiO3, rendering it a highly promising candidate for batteries, supercapacitors and fuel cells applications.