Advanced graphene aerogel thermal switch: A solution for efficient thermal management in extreme environments

Abstract

Effective thermal management is crucial for maintaining the performance and stability of modern electronic devices, especially as they must operate reliably even under extreme thermal conditions. This study introduces a graphene aerogel (GA)-based thermal switch that transitions seamlessly between insulation (OFF) and heat dissipation (ON) states through compression. The GA thermal switch, which was synthesized via hydrazine hydrate reduction and hydrothermal processes, exhibits a thermal conductivity of 0.0477 W·m−1·K−1 in the OFF state and 1.28 W·m−1·K−1 in the ON state, achieving a switching ratio of 26.8. Comprehensive characterizations are conducted to evaluate the impact of key fabrication processes on the physical properties. The thermal switch effectively regulates the temperature of a simulated battery system under extreme conditions, achieving a 29 °C shift within 99 s and demonstrating reliable switching performance. Overall, the combination of exceptional mechanical stability-demonstrated by a stress retention rate of 93.9 % after 1000 cycles at 90 % strain and reliable thermal conductivity-switching highlight the GA thermal switch as a promising solution for advanced thermal management systems. This is particularly relevant for future mobility applications that must operate reliably in extreme environments. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd