中国刑事庭前会议制度新探

Abstract

刑事庭前会议制度是中国“推进以审判为中心的刑事诉讼制度改革”的一项重要内容， 对于增强庭审的实质性和密集性，促进案件审理效率、保障庭审质量，保证庭审的有效顺 利进行意义重大。但是在对庭前会议的创设给予肯定的同时，我们应当看到，庭前会议制 度仅仅是个萌芽，立法上的粗放型设计和程序功能失范给司法实践带来一系列问题，比如 存在制度功能定位不明确、处理事项不明、适用率偏低和程序衔接存在疏漏等问题，庭前 会议制度并未发挥其应有的价值，尚有很大的发展空间与可能。域外刑事庭前程序经过长 足发展，成为两大法系刑事审前程序的核心，在现在法治国家普遍存在，对程序性事项的 处理解决成为各国家庭前程序的最大公约数。故，当务之急在于对域外庭前程序有益探索 的基础上重新整合和完善与庭审中心主义相适应的庭前会议制度，发挥庭前会议制度庭审 “过滤器”和“防火墙”作用。科学把握庭前会议制度的理论基础，规范庭前会议基本内容， 提供了促成被告人认罪和控辩协商的条件。细化庭前会议程序设置，完善庭前会议的配套 衔接机制，推进“智慧法院”建设，提升司法信息化水平，对庭前会议制度进行更为合理的 设计，并在实务中不断探索和完善，真正实现集中审理和庭审实质化，大幅提升刑事审判 质效。

The pre-trial conference system is an important part of China's "promoting the trial-centered criminal litigation system reform". It enhances the substantive and intensive nature of the trial, promotes the efficiency of trials, guarantees the quality of trials, and ensures the effective and smooth trial. crucial. However, while affirming the creation of the pre-trial meeting, we should see that the pre-trial conference system is only a budding. The extensive design and procedural function of the legislation has brought a series of problems to the judicial practice, such as the existence of institutional function positioning. Unclear, unclear matters of handling, low application rate and omissions in the process of the program, the pre-trial conference system did not play its due value, there is still a lot of room for development and possibilities. The extra-territorial criminal pre-trial procedures have developed rapidly and become the core of the criminal pre-trial proceedings of the two major legal systems. They are prevalent in the rule-of-law countries, and the resolution of procedural matters has become the greatest common denominator of pre-family procedures in various countries. Therefore, it is imperative to re-integrate and improve the pre-trial conference system that is compatible with the court-based centralism on the basis of useful exploration of the pre-territorial court procedures, and play the role of “filter” and “firewall” in the pre-trial conference system trial. Scientifically grasp the theoretical basis of the pre-trial conference system, standardize the basic content of the pre-trial conference, and provide the conditions for the accused to plead guilty and to plead guilty. Refine the pre-trial conference procedures, improve the matching mechanism of pre-trial conferences, promote the construction of “smart courts”, improve the level of judicial informatization, conduct more rational design of pre-trial conference systems, and continuously explore and improve in practice. Realize the centralized trial and the substantive nature of the trial, and greatly improve the quality of criminal trials.