반(反)사실성 동사의 특성과 하위분류

Abstract

This study discusses counterfactual verbs in Korean. First, it examines the relationship between counterfactuality and verb types to define what constitutes a counterfactual verb. Second, it reviews factual and non-factual verbs discussed in previous studies and, based on this, identifies the semantic characteristics of counterfactual verbs. Counterfactual verbs exhibit the following semantic properties: (1) they do not allow negative raising, (2) their internal factuality cannot be maintained through main clause negation, and (3) they allow the negation of the complement clause. Finally, focusing on verbs that express counterfactuality in Korean, this study categorizes them into four subtypes using both interpretative and expressive approaches: (1). verbs like ‘pretend,’ (2). verbs like ‘imagine’, (3). verbs like ‘misjudge’, (4). verbs like ‘slander’. Among these, verbs of the ‘pretend’, ‘imagine’, ‘misjudge,’ and ‘slander’ types inherently express counterfactuality and exhibit the semantic characteristics of counterfactual verbs.