Antioxidant Compounds of Sambucus pendula Stem

Abstract

Sambucus pendula (Viburnaceae) is an Ulleung-do native plant belonging to the Sambucus species, widely known as “Jeob-Gol-Mok”. In this study, the antioxidant activity of S. pendula methanol extract and its fractions were observed. Seven compounds were isolated from the CH2Cl2 fraction, which showed the most potent antioxidant activity among the fractions, using silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography, recrystallization, MPLC, and prep-HPLC. The chemical structures of the isolates were determined as (+)-isolariciresinol (1), (+)-cycloolivil (2), p-coumaryl alcohol (3), vanillin (4), ursolic acid (5), guaiacylglycerol (6), and ficusol (7) based on the spectroscopic data including 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, DEPT, HMBC, and MS data. All isolated compounds were first reported as components of this plant. Among these compounds, (+)-isolariciresinol (1) and (+)-cycloolivil (2) showed potent antioxidant activities on DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assays, and significant inhibitory activity on lipopolysaccharide-induced NO and ROS productions in RAW 264.7 cells. This is the first study to show the antioxidant activity related to the anti-inflammatory activity of S. pendula, and these results suggested that the methanol extract, CH2Cl2 fraction, and the isolated compounds could be developed as a new natural material for treating oxidative stress-related diseases.