Predictive Value of Bolster Supine X-Ray for the Correction of Segmental Deformity After Thoracolumbar Fusion Surgery

Abstract

Background and objectives: Assessment of thoracolumbar spine flexibility is crucial for determining which osteotomy to perform (posterior column osteotomy or 3-column osteotomy) to restore sagittal balance. Although preoperative bolster supine X-rays have been used to evaluate spine flexibility, their correlation with postoperative spinopelvic parameters has not been reported. We aimed to evaluate the predictive value of bolster X-ray for correcting sagittal deformities after thoracolumbar fusion surgery. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated patients who underwent bolster supine radiography before posterior thoracolumbar fusion. Demographic data, operative records, and radiographic parameters were also recorded. The segmental Cobb angle, defined as the angle between the upper endplate of the uppermost and lower endplates of the lowest instrumented vertebrae, was compared between bolster and postoperative X-ray to evaluate the correlation between them. The predictive value of bolster X-ray for postoperative deformity correction was measured using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). Results: Forty-two patients were included. The preoperative segmental Cobb angle (-1.4 +/- 22.4) was significantly lower than the bolster segmental Cobb angle (23.2 +/- 18.7, P < .001) and postoperative segmental Cobb angle (27.9 +/- 22.3, P < .001); however, no significant difference was observed between the bolster and postoperative segmental Cobb angles (P = .746). Bolster X-ray showed a very strong correlation with postoperative X-ray (r = 0.950, P < .001) for segmental Cobb angle. Bolster supine X-ray had good-to-excellent reliability for postoperative X-ray with an ICC of 0.913 (95% CI, 0.760-0.962, P < .001) for the segmental Cobb angle. Conclusion: Bolster supine X-rays demonstrate good-to-excellent reliability with postoperative X-rays for segmental Cobb angles. These findings offer valuable insights into the selection of appropriate osteotomy techniques for clinical practice.