육묘기 저온 처리가 ‘설향’ 딸기의 화아분화 감응과 과실 수량에 미치는 영향

Abstract

This study examined the effects of low-temperature treatment during the nursery period on flower bud differentiation, flowering time, and early yield in the ‘Seolhyang’ strawberry cultivar. Strawberry runner tips were cut on June 10 and subjected to flower differentiation treatments on August 7 in a growth chamber at 17°C, 20°C, 25°C, and 20°C/25°C with a 13/11-h (day/night) photoperiod. The progression of flower bud differentiation was subsequently assessed. Low-temperature–treated nursery plants were transplanted on September 9 into elevated beds for hydroponic cultivation, and flowering time and fruit productivity were investigated. Flower bud differentiation was the fastest at 20°C and 20°C/25°C, reaching stage 3 within 12–16 days, whereas plants treated to 25°C and control reached stage 2 only after 32 days. Flowering began on October 15 for the plants treated to 20°C, 16 days earlier than in the control. The first harvest occurred on November 11 in plants treated to 17°C and 20°C, 18 days earlier than in the control. The 20°C treatment produced 4.4 and 8.3 fruits in November and December, compared with 1.3 and 5.5 in the control, respectively; however, control fruits were heavier, averaging 37.1 and 27.5 g in November and December, respectively. The 20°C treatment yielded the highest early fruit production, with 79.2 and 104.0 g in November and December, respectively. In the control, the yield increased in January, with the total yield in the first flower cluster being 211.0–221.9 g and no significant difference observed among treatments. The fruit yield in the second flower cluster was 244.6 g for the 20°C treatment, compared to 168.6 g for the control.