Working speed optimization of the fully automated vegetable seedling transplanter

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal operating speeds for a low-speed automated vegetable transplanter that utilized a modified linkage cum hopper-type planting unit. A biodegradable seedling plug-tray feeding mechanism is employed by the transplanter. Using kinematic simulation software, the planter unit’s movement was simulated under various operating conditions. The resulting trajectories were compared based on variables like plant spacing, soil intrusion area, soil intrusion perimeter, and horizontal hopper displacement in the soil. It was discovered that the best results occurred at 200, 250, and 300 mm/s and 40, 50, and 60 rpm combinations. Following testing in a soil bin facility, it was discovered that the ideal operating speeds performed well when transplanting pepper seedlings, with measured plant spacing that was nearly identical to the theoretical spacing. While the planting angle in various speed combinations was found to be significantly different, but still within acceptable bounds, the planting depth in each case did not differ statistically. The optimal speed combinations that were chosen resulted in minimal damage to the mulch film. The best speeds for the transplanter were found through this investigation, and these speeds can be used as a foundation for refining the other mechanisms in the transplanter. © the Author(s), 2024.