The Effect of Supply Chain Management Strategy on Operational and Financial Performance

Abstract

Given that small and medium manufacturing enterprises (SMEs) are key to national economic development, the application of supply chain strategies that support their sustainability is critical. This study aims to identify the effects of supply chain management (SCM) on the operational performance of SMEs in Korea, specifically considering organizational competencies. To achieve this, an empirical survey was conducted on 300 Korean manufacturing SMEs that had introduced SCM strategies. The relationships between the variables were analyzed through structural equation modeling. These show that specific SCM strategies and organizational competencies had a significant effect on overall business performance. Furthermore, the SCM strategies had a significant effect on SME organizational competencies. Additionally, we analyzed the mediating effect of organizational competencies on the effect of SCM strategy on overall business performance. We found that organizational competence mediated the effect of SCM strategy on operational performance, but not on financial performance. The study shows that introducing SCM strategies directly improves business performance and is closely related to competencies such as research and development, technology commercialization, production capability, and marketing capabilities. Consequently, a combination of SCM strategies and organizational competencies can generate sustainable overall business performance among SMEs.