Sensitive mode investigations of lithium-ion cells with tavorite-type LiVXO<sub>4</sub>F (X = B, Si) as cathodes with stable cycling in low temperature operations

Abstract

Li-ion battery cathodes appear to be a significant factor affecting the total amount of energy delivered and the cost of the battery systems. LiVXO4F (X = B, Si), a polyanionic-based tavorite structure, is investigated as a cathode for Li-ion batteries and its capability to endure in sensitive mode operations, i.e., at temperatures of approximately 55 and -10 ?. Due to the near-freezing point at the atomic level and the absence of kinetic energy, a battery system operating at a lower temperature is theoretically expected to perform inferior. On the contrary, Vanadium boron oxyfluoride (VBF) has better electrochemical properties because of its tightly packed covalent bond, which produced structural stability at low temperature activities. This intriguing feature appears to hold promise for its use in advanced rechargeable battery systems in low-temperature areas and cold storage devices. This might pave the path for future energy storage and conversion devices to use neoteric tavorite structured electrodes. Published under an exclusive license by AIP Publishing.