Advanced Technologies for Rechargeable Batteries

Abstract

Magnesium-based rechargeable batteries are considered to be potential candidate for the replacement of present portable energy storage devices. The enhanced energy density, volumetric capacity, safety, and availability of the raw material thereby reducing the financial status of the device makes magnesium more attractive compared to that of lithium-ion batteries. The magnesium–sulfur batteries are explored eagerly owing to the attractive theoretical energy density exceeding 3200 Wh L−1. The cyclability of the magnesium batteries is considered to be the key challenge in establishing the proposed batteries. The components of a battery include an anode, cathode, and electrolyte. Being a magnesium-based secondary battery, the anode relies on magnesium-based electrodes, and magnesium metals are mostly investigated. Among cathodes, chalcogenide-based electrodes are primarily considered for the study. The electrolyte is the major component determining the performance of the battery. The cycling of magnesium-based batteries causes the formation of a passivation layer on the anode surface, which can be considerably reduced by the introduction of a compatible electrolyte. Considering the role of the electrolyte in the cycling performance of the battery, a wide range of materials have been investigated in this category. Herein this chapter, a detailed review is covered on the chemistry and components under study for high efficient magnesium–sulfur batteries. © 2025 selection and editorial matter, Prasanth Raghavan, Akhila Das, and Jabeen Fatima M. J.