Virucidal effect of chlorine dioxide fumigation disinfectant on Avian influenza virus

Abstract

This study evaluated the virucidal efficacy of a chlorine dioxide (ClO2) gas-generating fumigation disinfectant consisting of sodium chlorate solution (25% sodium chlorate) and reaction solution against avian influenza virus (AIV). After AIV suspensions had been deposited on stainless steel carriers, the 9 dried carriers were exposed to the fumigant (sodium chlorate solution: 8.5, 17, 34, 50, and 100 mL) in a 25-m³ test room for 2, 3, and 4 h, respectively. Thereafter, all carriers were submerged in a neutralizing solution (20% fetal bovine serum) to scrape off the surviving viruses, and the respective suspensions were diluted. Each diluent was inoculated into the allantoic membrane of five 10-day-old embryos. After incubation for 5 days at 37℃, AIV viability in the collected allantoic fluids was examined, and the egg infectious dose 50 (EID50) was calculated. When the carrier was exposed to ClO2 gas generated from reacting 34 mL of the fumigant for 3 h, the AIV titer reduced by more than 104.0 EID50/carrier compared to the control, which was exposed to the fumigant without inoculation of AIV suspension. In addition, the control was non-toxic to the embryos.