Clinical Significance of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Acute Unilateral Vestibulopathy

Abstract

Background and Purpose The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) have been identified as useful biomarkers for assessing the inflammatory response and for predicting the prognosis of various diseases. This study aimed to determine the clinical significance and effects on prognostic prediction of NLR and PLR in acute unilateral vestibulopathy (AUV). Methods We retrospectively recruited 128 patients who were diagnosed with AUV from July 2016 to April 2021, and compared NLR and PLR values between these patients with AUV and age-and sex-matched healthy subjects. We also analyzed the correlations of various clinical parameters with NLR and PLR. Results NLR and PLR in the AUV group were 3.41±2.80 (mean±standard deviation) and 128.86±67.06, respectively, with only NLR being significantly higher than that in the control group (1.55±0.60, p<0.001). The gain asymmetry of the horizontal vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) was slightly larger in patients with high NLR (n=52) than in those with normal NLR (n=76) (41.9%±20.2% vs. 33.6%±17.4%, p=0.048). However, the hospitalization period, preceding infection, canal paresis, and absolute horizontal VOR gain did not differ between patients with high and normal NLR and PLR values. The correlation analyses also revealed that none of the clinical parameters were significantly correlated with NLR or PLR. At 3-month follow-up examinations, NLR and PLR did not differ significantly between patients with and without function recovery of the horizontal VOR. Conclusions This study found a high NLR in AUV, suggesting an acute inflammatory status in the vestibular organ. However, the usefulness of NLR and PLR as prognostic markers remains unclear. © 2024 Korean Neurological Association.