산모의 임신 전 체질량 지수와 임신 중 체중증가가 임신 결과에 미치는 영향

Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the impact of the pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and gestational weight gain (GWG) on pregnancy outcomes. Methods: A retrospective survey utilizing medical records was conducted on 550 pregnant women with more than 34 weeks of pregnancy, who attended the outpatient obstetrics and gynecology departments of a regional general hospital, from January 1, 2020, to December 31, 2021. The data collected through electronic medical records were analyzed using frequency and descriptive statistics, Chi-square analysis, and the odds ratio (OR). Result: Women with an overweight and obese BMI were at a higher risk of gestational hypertension, cesarean delivery, and postpartum hemorrhage. In addition, the risk of preterm birth and admission of newborns to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) also high. However, there was a decrease in the risk of large-for-gestational age (LGA) occurrences. Women with inadequate GWG were at a lower risk of gestational hypertension, cesarean delivery, and postpartum hemorrhage. However, women with excessive GWG were at a higher risk of these complications. Conclusion: The findings of this study empirically confirmed that pre-pregnancy BMI affects pregnancy outcomes using data from pregnant women in Korea. We recommend further studies for a comprehensive understanding of the impact of pre-pregnancy BMI on pregnancy outcomes, including maternal disease and gestational age, that have not been considered in this study.