Transcriptomic profiling of phospholipase A2 and the role of arachidonic acid during Brucella abortus 544 infection in both in vitro and in vivo systems

Abstract

To date, the antimicrobial activity of arachidonic acid (AA) with regard to pathogenesis of Brucella in macrophages is unknown. We found that AA is highly toxic to B. abortus in a time-and dose-dependent manner. Transcription profiling of different groups of phospholipases A2 (PLA(2)) was examined, ten PLA(2) were detected including cPLA(2)-IV-A, cPLA(2)-IV-B, iPLA(2)-VI, sPLA(2)-I-B, sPLA(2)-II-C, sPLA(2)-II-D, sPLA(2)-II-E, sPLA(2)-V, sPLA(2)-X, sPLA(2)-XII-A. Phagocytic signaling investigation indicated that AA treatment attenuated p38 alpha activity in infected culture macrophages possibly leading to inhibition of Brucella internalization. Post-treatment with the fatty acid did not influence bacterial intracellular multiplication or alter production of antimicrobial effectors like ROS and NO in RAW 264.7 cells. On the other hand, AA administration significantly reduced bacterial load and modestly inhibited pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion including TNF, IFN-gamma and IL-6 in mice plasma. To our knowledge, we are the first to suggest that B. abortus invasion to RAW 264.7 macrophages is impaired by AA.