Effects of dietary lipid level on growth performance, feed utilization, fatty composition and antioxidant parameters of juvenile walleye pollock, Gadus chalcogrammus

Abstract

We evaluated effects of dietary lipid level on growth performance, feed utilization, fatty acid composition, plasma chemistry, and antioxidant responses in juvenile walleye pollock (Gadus chalcogrammus). Two-hundred forty juvenile pollock averaging 4.4 g in weight were randomly distributed between 12 400-L flow-through circular tanks (20 fish per tank). Fish were fed four isonitrogenous experimental diets with crude lipid levels of 8.1%, 12.6%, 16.7%, or 20.8% for 8 weeks. Each diet was assigned to three tanks, and the fish were hand-fed to satiation twice daily. At the end of the trial, weight gain, specific growth rate, feed efficiency, and protein efficiency ratio were increased with increasing dietary lipid up to 16.7%, and then decreased with a further increase in dietary lipid. The hepatosomatic index showed an increasing trend with increasing dietary lipid. The crude lipid content in liver increased with increasing dietary lipid. Saturated fatty acid levels in the muscle and liver decreased, whereas essential fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids in the muscle and monounsaturated fatty acids in the liver increased with increasing dietary lipid. The hematological and antioxidant parameters were not affected by the dietary lipid content. In conclusion, on the basis of a second-order polynomial regression analysis of weight gain, the optimum dietary lipid level for juvenile walleye pollock was estimated to be 15.8%.