신라 興德王代 체제 정비와 金庾信 追封 ― 三韓一統意識 출현의 일 배경 ―

Abstract

Examined in this study is what kind of governmental institutions were revised and how they were changed during the reign of King Heungdeok-wang, as well as why Kim Yu Shin was posthumously entitled as the “Great Heungmu King(興武大王)” at the time, as these events could have served as a platform which bred the future notion of “the Three Han entities had been one all along(三韓一統意識)” in the mid-9th century inside the Shilla society. The insurrection of Kim Heon Chang(金憲昌) and his son seriously disrupted the stability of the Shilla society, and caused a crisis of a dynastic scale. After the insurrection was subdued, king Heungdeok-wang newly established more local military installations to prevent such incident from happening again, and tried to appease the public himself. In the meantime, with the intention of reinforcing the Golpum structure(骨品制) of the society, he initiated institutional revisions as well. And as a symbolic gesture, he decided to honor Kim Yu Shin with a posthumous title, trying to build an atmosphere in which all Shilla could unite. The time of entitlement is presumed to have been the 9th year of king Heungdeok-wang’s reign, when a series of institutional revisions were simultaneously being launched. In his biographical record[行錄], authored in the early days of the Hadae(下代) period, Kim Yu Shin was described as the hero of the Unification war, who literally led the unification, and also as a symbol of dynastic unity. A posthumous title was intended to use his such image in actually bringing the country together. And such decision could have created an environment in which people would remember the unification process and form a belief that would grow in the minds of future generations that the three countries were meant to eventually become one.