Anti-Obesity Effects of Soy Leaf via Regulation of Adipogenic Transcription Factors and Fat Oxidation in Diet-Induced Obese Mice and 3T3-L1 Adipocytes

Abstract

The anti-obesity effects of extracts from soy leaves (SLE) cultivated for 8 weeks (8W) or 16 weeks (16W) were investigated in diet-induced obese mice. The effects of kaempferol, an aglycone of the kaempferol glycosides that are the major component of 8W-SLE, and coumestrol, the major component of 16W-SLE, were also investigated in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Eight-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into normal diet, high-fat diet (HFD), 8W-SLE (HFD+8W-SLE 50mg kg(-1) day(-1)), 16W-SLE (HFD+16W-SLE 50mg kg(-1) day(-1)), and Garcinia cambogia extracts (GE) (HFD+GE 50mg kg(-1) day(-1)) groups. Body weight gain and fat accumulation of white adipose tissue (WAT) were highly suppressed by daily oral administration of 8W-SLE and 16W-SLE for 10 weeks. Supplementing a HFD with 8W-SLE and 16W-SLE regulated the mRNA expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR), CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha (c/EBP), sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1 (SREBP-1), adipocyte protein 2, and fatty acid synthase (FAS), which are related to adipogenesis, in addition to hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL), carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 (CPT-1), and uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2), which are related to fat oxidation in WAT. In 3T3-L1 adipocytes, kaempferol and coumestrol exhibited anti-adipogenic effects via downregulation of PPAR, c/EBP, SREBP-1, and FAS. Kaempferol and coumestrol increased the expression of HSL, CPT-1, and UCP2.