Quantitative detection of benzoyl peroxide in wheat flour using line-scan short-wave infrared hyperspectral imaging

Abstract

The addition of benzol peroxide (BPO) to wheat flour as a bleaching agent has been widely recognized as an important food safety issue due to its negative effects on human health. To address this issue, various nondestructive optical-based techniques have been developed to screen for BPO, such as Raman spectroscopy and hyperspectral imaging (HSI). In this study, a shortwave infrared (SWIR) HSI system was developed for the rapid detection of BPO particles in wheat flour. The SWIR HSI system, detailed hyperspectral image processing procedures, and optimal model to detect BPO particles were evaluated. The model was developed using the partial least square regression (PLSR) method. To improve performance of the model, effective wavelength regions were selected, and various pre-processing methods were applied to the PLSR analysis. The developed model was able to detect BPO in wheat flour at 50-6400 ppm with a high determinant coefficient (> 0.985) between predicted and actual values. The developed SWIR HIS system and optimized model demonstrated a high potential for discriminating BPO particles in wheat flour and allowed for its quantitative evaluation.