Inhibitory effect of membrane-free stem cell components derived from adipose tissues on skin inflammation in keratinocytes

Abstract

Inflammatory disorders of the skin are major public health concerns due to constant exposure to external stimuli. Skin cells are associated with prominent immune mechanisms to defend against adverse reactions. In the present study, the anti-inflammatory properties of membrane-free stem cell components (MFSCC) from adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) and their basic preventive effects on skin wrinkle formation using human keratinocytes (HaCaT) and fibroblast (Detroit 551) cells, were investigated. Initially, a human inflammation antibody array was used on tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha)/interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma)-induced and MFSCC-treated HaCaT cells. Array spots revealed three differential proteins, interleukin (IL)-1 F1 (IL-1 alpha), IL-6, and TIMP2. Of these three proteins, IL-6 was significantly downregulated by MFSCC treatment. Western blot analysis revealed that IL-6 and its key downstream proteins JAK2 and STAT3 were suppressed in MFSCC-treated HaCaT cells. Further analysis revealed that MFSCC decreased the expression of TNF-alpha/IFN-gamma-induced phosphorylated (p)-I kappa B-alpha, p-p65, p-JNK, p-ERK, and p-p38 by inhibiting the activation of MAPK and NF-kappa B pathways. Treatment of Detroit 551 cells with MFSCC increased COL1A1 and elastin but suppressed matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 and MMP-8 protein expression levels. Collectively, these data indicated that MFSCC exhibited a primary inhibitory effect on inflammation and wrinkle formation in skin. These results provide a basis for further extensive studies and application of MFSCC in treating skin inflammatory disorders.