Growth, Fruit Yield, and Bioactive Compounds of Cherry Tomato in Response to Specific White-Based Full-Spectrum Supplemental LED Lighting

Abstract

Supplemental artificial light in greenhouses is fundamental to achieving sustainable crop production with high yield and quality. This study's purpose was to investigate the efficacy of supplemental light (SL) sources on the vegetative and reproductive growth of cherry tomatoes. Four types of light sources were applied, including high-pressure sodium lamps (HPS), a narrow-spectrum LED light (NSL), and two specific full-spectrum LED lights (SFL1 and SFL2) with a shorter blue peak wavelength (436 nm) and/or green peak wavelength (526 nm). The control was the natural light condition. Shoot fresh and dry weight and leaf area in the SFL1 and SFL2 treatments were greater than those in the control. The HPS and NSL treatments also enhanced tomato growth, but they were less efficient compared to the SFL treatments. The SFL1 and SFL2 treatments showed higher fruit yields by 73.1% and 70.7%, respectively, than the control. The SL sources did not affect the effective photochemical quantum yield of photosystem II (Y (II)). However, they did trigger the increased electron transport rate (ETR) and non-photochemical quenching (NPQ). The SFL treatments enhanced tomato growth, fruit yield, and efficient use of light and energy, suggesting that the specific full spectrum based on the short-wavelength blue and/or green peak can be successfully applied for the cultivation of cherry tomato and other crops in greenhouses.